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Updated: May 8, 2025
The facade was originally designed in the trabeated style, and still retained its massive entrance, with straight, grooved lintel over the door which was adorned by four round columns; but subsequent additions reflected the fluctuations of popular architectural taste, in the later arched windows, the broad oriel with its carved corbel, and in the new eastern wing, that had flowered into a Tudor tower with bulbous cupola.
The openings were all covered by a stone lintel, and consequently were uniformly square-headed. The interspaces between columns were similarly covered, and hence Egyptian architecture has been, and correctly, classed as the first among the styles of trabeated architecture. Window-openings seldom occur. Columns. The columns have been already described to some extent.
Hence this architecture is called architecture of the beam, or, in more formal language, trabeated architecture. This mode of covering spaces required that in buildings of solid masonry, where stone or marble lintels were employed, the supports should not be very far apart, and this circumstance led to the frequent use of rows of columns.
The gate at Perugia, and the Cloacæ or Sewers at Rome, constructed during the reign of the Tarquins, at the beginning of the sixth century B.C., are examples of the true arch, and this makes it certain that it was from the Etruscans that the Romans learned the arched construction which, when combined with the trabeated or lintel mode of construction which they copied from the Greeks, formed the chief characteristic of Roman architecture.
The line thus traced was then followed by the sculptor. The next process was to paint the figure in the prescribed colours." Although Egyptian architecture was essentially a trabeated style, that is to say, a style in which beams or lintels were usually employed to cover openings, there is strong ground for the belief that the builders of that time were acquainted with the nature of the arch. Dr.
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