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XXXVIII and XXXIX. He seems to say that it is right for the laity to make an offering of their bodies by burning but not for Bhikshus. The practice is recognized and commended in the Lotus, chap. Takakusu, pp. 153-4 somewhat abridged. Much information about Nâlandâ will be found in Satis Chandra Vidyabhusana's Mediæval School of Indian Logic, pp. 145-147.

China Association, dinner to Prince Tsai-tse and his colleagues, Mr. R. S. Grundy, C. B., presiding. Wednesday Central Asian Society, Mr. A. Hamilton on "The Oxus River." Japan Society, Professor J. Takakusu on "Buddhism as we Find it in Japan." It is to be borne in mind, of course, that the Doctor's experience in the United States has as yet been but inconsiderable.

There is a dangerous tendency to rely on formulæ and charms. A special doctrine of salvation by faith in a Buddha, usually Amitâbha, and invocation of his name. Mahayanism can exist without this doctrine but it is tolerated by most sects and considered essential by some. Transl. Takakusu, 1896, p. 14. Let us now consider these doctrines and take first the worship of Bodhisattvas.

Thus Chun-ti is sometimes described as a deified Chinese General and sometimes identified with the Indian goddess Marîcî. Yü-ti, generally masculine, is sometimes feminine. See Doré, l.c. 212. Mañjuśrî is said to be worshipped in Nepal sometimes as a male, sometimes as a female. Takakusu, 1896, p. 136.

See for the traditions Watters on Yüan Chwang, II. 102-4 and Takakusu in J.R.A.S. 1905, p. 53 who quotes the Chinese Samyukta-ratna-piṭaka-sûtra and the Record of Indian Patriarchs. The Chinese list of Patriarchs is compatible with the view that Aśvaghosha was alive about 125 A.D. for he was the twelfth Patriarch and Bodhidharma the twenty-eighth visited China in 520.

For some further remarks on the possible foreign origin of Mañjuśrî see below, chapter on Central Asia. Nik. This is his bodhi tree under which he will obtain enlightenment as Sâkyamuni under the Ficus religiosa. Takakusu, p. 213. See Johnston, From Peking to Mandalay, for an interesting account of Mt. Chinese, Tai-shih-chih. He appears to be the Arhat Maudgalyâyana deified.