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Ba-kad may, and Shumalia quite certainly does, belong to this class.
Some of the deities in this list, which is far from being exhaustive, are foreign, so e.g., Shukamuna and Shumalia, who belong to the Cassitic pantheon; others are of purely local significance, as Shir and Shubu. As for Sin, Ninib, and Ishtar, the worship of none of these deities assumes any great degree of prominence during this period.
For purposes of comparison with the pantheon of Hammurabi, and of his immediate successors, I give the complete list and in the order mentioned by him in the only inscription that we have of this king. They are Ninib, Gula, Ramman, Shumalia, Nergal, Shir, Shubu, Sin, Belit of Akkad. Moreover, Anu is referred to as the especial god of Der, and a goddess Eria is worshipped in Elam.
Nin-dim-su, Ba-kad, Pap-u, Belit-ekalli, Shumalia, and Shukamuna occur at the close of the inscription of Melishikhu, among the gods asked to curse the transgressors of the royal decree. That some of these are Cassite deities imported into Babylonia, and whose position in the pantheon was therefore of a temporary character, there seems little reason to question.
Shukamuna, accordingly, was the Cassite god of war, who, like Nergal, symbolized the mid-day sun, that is, the raging and destructive power. Shumalia is the consort of Shukamuna , and is invoked as the 'lady of the shining mountains. Nin-dim-su is a title of Ea, as the patron of arts.
From the inscriptions of his successors we are permitted to add the following: Nin-khar-sag, Nergal, and Lugal-mit-tu, furnished by Samsu-iluna; Shukamuna, by Agumkakrimi; and passing down to the period of the Cassite dynasty, we have in addition Nin-dim-su, Ba-kad, Pap-u, Belit-ekalli, Shumalia.
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