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Updated: May 15, 2025
One of the poles is called the "north," and the other the "south," because if the magnet were freely pivotted like a compass needle, the former would turn to the north and the latter to the south. Either pole will attract iron, but soft or annealed iron does not retain the magnetism nearly so well as steel.
Any two distinct signs, however made, can be employed as a telegraph by means of the Morse code, which runs as shown in figure 46. The receiving instruments R R' may consist of a magnetic needle pivotted on its centre and surrounded by a coil of wire, through which the current passes and deflects the needle to one side or the other, according to the direction in which it flows.
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