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Updated: May 4, 2025
But, an objection is raised, while the mantra 'in whom the five five- people, &c., is common to the Kanvas and the Madhyandinas, the complementary passage 'they who know the breath of breath, &c., in the text of the former makes no mention of food, and hence we have no reason to say that the 'five-people' in their text are the breath, eye, and so on. To this objection the next Sutra replies.
The Madhyandinas read, 'He who dwells in the Self, whom the Self does not know, &c.; the Kanvas, 'He who dwells within understanding', &c. The declaration of the individual Self being ruled by the Ruler within implies of course the declaration of the former being different from the latter.
The next Sutra supplies a new, independent argument. For both also speak of it as something different. Both, i.e. the Madhyandinas as well as the Kanvas, distinguish in their texts the embodied soul, together with speech and other non-intelligent things, from the Ruler within, representing it as an object of his rule.
The Vajasaneyins, of the Kanwa as well as the Madhyandina branch, have the following text: 'He who dwelling in the earth is within the earth, whom the earth does not know, whose body the earth is, who rules the earth within, he is thy Self, the ruler within, the Immortal. The text thereupon extends this teaching as to a being that dwells in things, is within them, is not known by them, has them for its body and rules them; in the first place to all divine beings, viz. water, fire, sky, air, sun, the regions, moon, stars, ether, darkness, light; and next to all material beings, viz. breath, speech, eye, ear, mind, skin, knowledge, seed closing each section with the words, 'He is thy Self, the ruler within, the Immortal. The Madhyandinas, however, have three additional sections, viz.
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