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This is a neat-growing species, with greenish flowers and black fruit. R. CATHARTICUS, Common Buckthorn, is a native, thorny species, with ovate and stalked leaves, and small, thickly clustered greenish flowers, succeeded by black berries about the size of peas. R. FRANGULA. The Berry-bearing Alder. Europe and Britain. A more erect shrub than the former, and destitute of spines.
SMALL SPEARWORT. It has been lately discovered that this plant possesses very active powers as an emetic, and it is supposed to be useful in some cases of vegetable poisons. RHAMNUS Frangula. THE BLACK OR BERRY-BEARING ALDER. Its Bark. The internal bark of the trunk or root of the tree, given to the quantity of a dram, purges violently, occasioning gripes, nausea, and vomiting.
RESEDA Luteola. DYER'S WEED, or WELD. The most usual plant from which the yellow dye is extracted. For its culture, see p. 32. RHAMNUS Frangula. BUCKTHORN. The bark produces a slight yellow, and the unripe berries impart to wool a green colour. RHAMNUS catharticus. PURGING BUCKTHORN. The bark yields a most beautiful yellow colour; and the ripe berries in the autumn produce a brilliant scarlet.
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