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Updated: May 2, 2025
Dr. John Clayton, in an extract from a letter in the "Philosophical Transactions" for 1735, calls gas the "spirit" of coal; and came to a knowledge of its inflammability by an accident. This "spirit" chanced to catch fire, by coming in contact with a candle, as it was escaping from a fracture in one of his distillatory vessels.
Of these, the one most spacious and convenient had been selected by Doctor Grimshawe as a study, and fitted up with bookshelves, and various machines and contrivances, electrical, chemical, and distillatory, wherewith he might pursue such researches as were wont to engage his attention.
Thus, water distilling between 100 deg. and 60 deg. will pass over as quickly as that which is distilling between 40 deg. and 0 deg.. Absolute temperature is without influence, provided every trace of air or foreign gas be got rid of. The distillatory apparatus should be provided with an excellent air-pump, capable of preventing all those entrances of air which are inevitable in practice.
Captain Nemo took me to the galleys, where the vast distillatory machines stood that furnished the drinkable water by evaporation. They filled these with water, and all the electric heat from the piles was thrown through the worms bathed in the liquid. In a few minutes this water reached 100°. It was directed towards the pumps, while fresh water replaced it in proportion.
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