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Updated: June 6, 2025


It is impossible to escape from the conclusion that the apparently swiftest-moving stars are, on the whole, also the nearest to us, however numerous the individual exceptions to the rule. Still more emphatically in 1812 Bessel drew the attention of astronomers to the fact, and 61 Cygni became known as the "flying star."

Something more will be said presently as to the import of this discovery. Bright hydrogen lines have so far been detected for the most part photographically at Harvard College in about sixty stars, including Pleione, the surmised lost Pleiad, P Cygni, noted for instability of light in the seventeenth century, and the extraordinary southern variable, Eta Carinæ.

In 1900 the distance had increased to 0.4", p. 115°. The brilliance of color contrast between the two larger stars of gamma Andromedæ is hardly inferior to that exhibited in beta Cygni, so that this star may be regarded as one of the most picturesque of stellar objects for small telescopes.

We saw that this can be detected on the superficial test of colour. The colours of the stars are, it is true, an unsafe ground to build upon. The astronomer still puzzles over the gorgeous colours he finds at times, especially in double stars: the topaz and azure companions in beta Cygni, the emerald and red of alpha Herculis, the yellow and rose of eta Cassiopeiae, and so on.

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