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Updated: May 2, 2025
It but remains, before passing on, to note that the same deity appears under various names. Among these are Utu and apparently also Babbar in the old Babylonian inscriptions. For the latter, a Semitic etymology is forthcoming, and we may therefore regard it as representing a real pronunciation, and not an ideographic writing.
The situation of Harran the name itself signifies 'road' as the highway leading to the west, must have been an important factor, in bringing this about. However this may be, Sin and Nannar are as thoroughly identical in the period following Hammurabi, as Babbar and Shamash. The attributes of the one are transferred to the other so completely, that a separation of the two is no longer possible.
Babbar, a contracted form from Barbar, is the reduplication of the same stem bar that we have already met with, in the name of the temple sacred to Shamash. Like E-babbara, therefore, Babbar is the "brilliantly shining one," a most appropriate name for the sun, and one frequently applied to him in the religious texts.
The similarity in meaning is in keeping with the similarity of function of the two deities, thus named: Babbar being the sun and Nannar, the moon. It was under the name of Nannar that the moon-god was worshipped at Ur, the most famous and probably the oldest of the cities over which the moon-god presided.
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