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Updated: January 12, 2025
Hydrops may occur apart from disease for example, in the knee-joint from repeated sprains, or when there is a loose body in the joint but is met with chiefly in the chronic forms of synovitis which result from gonorrhœa, tuberculosis, syphilis, arthritis deformans, or arthropathies of nerve origin.
In aggravated cases the tips of the fingers disappear from progressive ulceration, and in the sole of the foot a perforating ulcer may develop. Arthropathies are occasionally met with, the joints becoming the seat of a painless effusion or hydrops, which is followed by fibrous thickening of the capsular and other ligaments, and terminates in stiffness and fibrous ankylosis.
The joints of the lower extremity are most commonly affected, and the disease is bilateral in a considerable proportion of cases both knees or both hips, for instance, being implicated. Among the theories suggested in explanation of these arthropathies the most recent is that by Babinski and Barré, which traces the condition to vascular lesions of a syphilitic type in the articular arteries.
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