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Updated: May 3, 2025
A revolution was attempted only a few days ago, the President having been seized and dragged out of his office to be shot. The military, however, rescued him and the revolution was over in twenty-four hours. Peru's resources, outside of the very rich mining districts, will eventually be found in the Montaña country, on the lower eastern slopes of the Andes.
Lord Cochrane, on entering the city, was welcomed as the great deliverer of Peru: the medals distributed on the 28th of July the day on which Peru's independence was proclaimed testified that the honour was due to General San Martin and his Liberating Army. That, however, was only part of a policy long before devised.
Curiously enough, the history of one of Peru's last Viceroys is permeated with an atmosphere of romance in which the careers of his predecessors were almost entirely lacking. Ambrose O'Higgins, the most striking figure of all the lengthy line of Viceroys, had started life as a bare-footed Irish boy. He is said to have been employed by Lady Bective to run errands at Dangan Castle, Co. Meath.
But Peru's army of eight thousand having within four hundred as many officers as men, directed by no fewer than twenty-six generals, and presided over by a civil government altogether inept was no match for an army less than a third of its size to be sure, but well drilled and commanded, and with a stable, progressive, and efficient government at its back.
When Don Nicholas saw the battle going against him, he gallantly mounted his charger and rode to the front; but it was too late. He turned in despair and fled to the mountains followed by a few of his immediate troops. One of the leading causes of Peru's defeat, was the fact that her soldiers were armed with two makes of rifles of different caliber.
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