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It now occurs quite commonly on the rats in the San Francisco Bay region and is occasionally found there on man also. In the United States, Great Britain and other temperate regions another larger species, Ceratophyllus fasciatus is by far the most common flea found on rats, and is commonly known as the rat flea.
This close association of the rats and the squirrels affords a good opportunity for the fleas infesting them to pass from one host to the other. So far only two species of fleas have been recorded from the ground-squirrels. One, Ceratophyllus acutus, is very common, sometimes literally swarming over the squirrels, particularly if a squirrel is sick or weak from any cause.