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Updated: May 11, 2025
The build-up of heavy industry enabled China to conduct an aggressive policy towards the countries surrounding her, but industrialization had to be paid for, and, as in other countries, it was basically agriculture that had to create the necessary capital. Therefore, in June 1950 a land-reform law was promulgated.
Electrification is essentially completed, and heavy industries, such as fertilizer and assembly plants and oil refineries, now exist. This rapid industrialization was accompanied by an unusually fast development of agriculture. A land-reform program limited land ownership, reduced rents, and redistributed formerly Japanese-owned land.
Land-reform in its earliest stages, like trade unionism in England, was accompanied by disorder. But the greatest measure of Irish land-reform the Wyndham Act of 1903 was worked out on Irish soil by peaceable discussion among the parties concerned, and Parliament acted at once upon their joint demand.
The country-side might still continue to supply a better physique and a finer morale than were likely to be discovered in the poorer quarters of Rome. The objects aimed at in the Gracchan scheme of land-reform, although in some respects difficult of realisation, have aroused less hostile criticism than the methods which were adopted for their fulfilment.
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