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Updated: May 20, 2025
In Monocotyledons a similar advance from hypogyny to epigyny is observed, and from the dorsiventral to the radial type of flower. In this connexion it is noteworthy that so many of the higher forms are adapted as bulbous geophytes, or as aerophytes to special xerophilous conditions.
In the polypetalous forms progression from hypogyny to epigyny is generally recognized, and where dorsiventrality with insect-pollination has been established, a dominant group has been developed as in the Leguminosae. The starting-point of the class, however, and the position within it of apetalous families with frequently unisexual flowers, have provoked much discussion.
Apart from this, botanists are generally agreed that the concrescence of parts of the flower-whorls in the gynaeceum as the seed-covering, and in the corolla as the seat of attraction, more than in the androecium and the calyx is an indication of advance, as is also the concrescence that gives the condition of epigyny.
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