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The inhabitants of Arakhan admire a broad, smooth forehead, and in order to produce it, they fasten a plate of lead on the heads of the new-born children. On the other hand, "a broad, well-rounded occiput is considered a great beauty" by the natives of the Fiji Islands.

Arabs, fertility of crosses with other races; gashing of cheeks and temples among the. Arachnida. Arakhan, artificial widening of the forehead by the natives of. Arboricola, young of. Archeopteryx. Arctiidae, coloration of the. Ardea asha, rufescens, and coerulea, change of colour in. Ardea coerulea, breeding in immature plumage. Ardea gularis, change of plumage in.

Prichard, on the difference of stature among the Polynesians; on the connection between the breadth of the skull in the Mongolians and the perfection of their senses; on the capacity of British skulls of different ages; on the flattened heads of the Colombian savages; on Siamese notions of beauty; on the beardlessness of the Siamese; on the deformation of the head among American tribes and the natives of Arakhan.

On the skulls of the American tribes, see Nott and Gliddon, 'Types of Mankind, 1854, p. 440; Prichard, 'Physical History of Mankind, vol. i. 3rd ed. p. 321; on the natives of Arakhan, ibid. vol. iv. p. 537. Wilson, 'Physical Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, 1863, p. 288; on the Fijians, p. 290.