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Updated: June 13, 2025
The early ascents of Montgolfier had for their aim the establishment of the fact that any body lighter than the volume of air which it displaces will rise in the atmosphere; those of Roziers were undertaken to prove that man can apply this principle for the purpose of making actual aerial voyages; those of Robertson, Gay-Lussac, &c., were undertaken for the purpose of ascertaining certain meteorological phenomena; those of Conte Coutelle applied aerostation to military uses.
The practical trial for the balloon in real service came off in June, 1794, when Coutelle in person, accompanied by two staff officers, in one of the four balloons which the French Army had provided, made an ascent to reconnoitre the Austrian forces at Fleurus.
After several satisfactory ascents to the height of above 500 feet had taken place the balloon being held easily by ten men, five to each guy-rope an order was given, in April 1794, for the formation of a company of military aeronauts styled aerostiers, to which Coutelle was appointed captain-commandant.
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