treadwheels

Updated: May 29, 2025

We shall conclude this notice of Port Phillip with mentioning two important items in the estimates of its expenditure for 1842: Police and jails, 17,526l. 8s.; clergy and schools, 5350l.; and, as a commentary upon these disproportionate estimates, which are by no means peculiar to Port Phillip, the words of Sir George Arthur may be added: "Penitentiaries, treadwheels, flogging, chain-gangs, and penal settlements," says the late governor of Tasmania, "will all prove ineffectual either to prevent or to punish crime, without religious and moral instruction."

W. (William) Pridden - Australia, its history and present condition: containing an account both of the bush and of the colonies,: with their respective inhabitants