polaka

Updated: July 23, 2026

Between the years 1880 and 1890 a beginning of a new distribution of Hopi families began, when one or two of the less timid erected houses near Coyote spring, at the East Mesa. The Tewa, represented by Polaka and Jakwaina, took the lead in this movement.

Jesse Walter Fewkes - Archeological Expedition to Arizona in 1895: Seventeenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American: Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution,: 1895-1896, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1898,: pages 519-744