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This liquid water, being at the boiling-point, has still the 100° C. of sensible heat, and hence the water in the gaseous steam form can have given up to the water at 0° C. into which it was blown, only the latent heat of gasification which was not sensible, but by virtue of which it was enabled to assume the gaseous form.
But the process of gasification with ebullition goes on so quickly that the temperature of the water thus robbed of heat quickly falls to 0° C., and the remaining water freezes. Thus, then, by pumping out the air from a vessel, i.e. working in a vacuum, we can boil a liquid in such exhausted vessel far below its ordinary boiling temperature in the open air.
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