expansion-temperature

Updated: July 5, 2026

This intensification of cooling goes on until the expansion-temperature is far lower than it was at starting; and if the apparatus be well arranged the effect is so powerful that even the smaller amount of cooling due to the free expansion of gas through a throttle-valve, though pronounced by Siemens and Coleman incapable of being utilized, may be made to liquefy air without using other refrigerants."

Edward Huntington Williams - A History of Science, Volume 5 : Aspects Of Recent Science