oath-denied

Updated: July 18, 2026

I wrote with a fervor as cool as the circumstances would permit, and published a card from a disfranchised oath-denied standpoint, closing with the avowal that the great State of California might annually confiscate our goods, but we would never pay the voters tax. The card attracted attention, the injustice seemed glaring, the goods were offered.

Mifflin Wistar Gibbs - Shadow and Light : An Autobiography with Reminiscences of the Last and Present Century