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In other words since the accession of the Omayyad khalifs, the actual authority rested in the hands of dynasties, and under the Abbasids government assumed even a despotic character.
Compared to this irreparable disintegration of the empire, temporary schisms such as the Omayyad Khalifate in Spain, the Fatimid Khalifate in Egypt, and here and there an independent organization of the Kharijites were of little significance.
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