force-and-torques

Updated: May 7, 2025

The force systems force-and-torques, or pairs of forces required to prevent them from moving will be mutual and opposite, and will be the same as, but opposite in direction to, the mutual force systems required to hold at rest two electromagnets fulfilling the following specification: The two electro magnets are to be of the same shape and size as the two bodies, and to be placed in the same relative positions, and to consist of infinitely thin layers of electric currents in the surfaces of solids possessing extreme diamagnetic quality in other words, infinitely small permeability.

Various - Scientific American Supplement, No. 460, October 25, 1884