espinas's

Updated: May 18, 2025

Espinas published his most remarkable work, Les Societes animales, in 1877, and in that work he pointed out the importance of animal societies, and their bearing upon the preservation of species, and entered upon a most valuable discussion of the origin of societies. In fact, Espinas's book contains all that has been written since upon mutual aid, and many good things besides.

kniaz Petr Alekseevich Kropotkin - Mutual Aid; a factor of evolution