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Gairdner, op. cit., iii., 201. Gairdner, /Lollardy and the Reformation/, vol. iv. 1913. Innes, /England under the Tudors/, 1905. Zimmermann, /Maria die Katholische/, 1896. Stone, /Mary I., Queen of England/, 1901. Haile, /Life of Reginald Pole/, 1910. Zimmermann, /Kardinal Pole, sein Leben, und seine Schriften/, 1893.
Bridgett, /Life of Blessed John Fisher/, 1888. Stewart, /Life of John Fisher/, 1879. Cf. Bridgett, /Life and Writings of Sir Thomas More/, 1891. /Pol. Hist. of England/, v., 361. Cf. Turnbull, /Account of Monastic Treasures confiscated at the Dissolution/, etc., 1836. Gairdner, /Letters and Papers Hen. VIII./, xi., xii. Gairdner, /Lollardy and the Reformation/, vol. ii., 304 sqq.
She wanted to know what Lollardy was; their guide attempted an explanation. Julie was soon bored. "I can't see why people make such a bother about such things," she said. "A man's religion is his own business, surely, and he must settle it for himself. Don't you think so, Peter?" "Is it his own business only?" he asked gravely. "Whose else should it be?" she demanded. "God's," said Peter simply.
It is easy to understand, therefore, how Wyclif's opinions assisted in preparing the nation for the Reformation of the sixteenth century, although it seemed that Lollardy had been everywhere crushed by persecution. The Lollards condemned, among other things, pilgrimages to the tombs of the saints, papal authority and the mass. Their revolt against Rome led in some instances to grave excesses.
Brewer Gairdner, /The Reign of Henry VIII./, 2 vols., 1884. Gairdner, /Lollardy and the Reformation/, 4 vols., 1908-13. Gasquet, /Short History of the Catholic Church in England/, 1903. Dixon, /History of the Church in England from 1529/, 6 vols., London, 1878-1902. Pocock, /Records of the Reformation/ 2 vols., 1870. Taunton, /The English Black Monks of St. Benedict/, 2 vols., 1897.
Ch. in XVIth Century/, 114. /Letters and Papers/, v., 886. Ehses, op. cit., 200-1. Haile, /The Life of Reginald Pole/, 1910, p. 88. /Pol. Hist. of England/, v., 318. /Pol. Hist. of England/, v., 318-19. Ehses, op. cit., 212-13. Gairdner, /Lollardy and the Reformation/, i., 48-52. /Pol. Hist. of England/, v., 344. /Lollardy and the Reformation/, i., 424-35. Cf.
For Calvinism in Scotland: P. H. Brown, John Knox, a Biography, 2 vols. ; Andrew Lang, John Knox and the Reformation ; John Herkless and R. K. Hannay, The Archbishops of St. Andrews, 4 vols. IV and V by James Gairdner and W. H. Frere respectively; James Gairdner, Lollardy and the Reformation in England, 4 vols.
In an earlier age the Lollards, as the followers of Wycliff were called, put forward doctrines closely akin to those advocated by the early Reformers, notably in regard to the constitution of the Church, the Papacy, the Scriptures, Transubstantiation, Purgatory, and Tradition, but the severe measures adopted by both Church and State had succeeded in breaking the influence of Lollardy in England.
Gasquet, /Henry VIII. and the English Monasteries/. Gairdner, /Lollardy and the Reformation/, vol. ii., 3-221. /Cambridge Modern History/, i., chap. xv. On the relations between the clergy and the laity, cf. Gairdner, op. cit., vol. i., 243-86. Gasquet, op. cit., chap. iii.-v. Gairdner, /History of the English Church in the Sixteenth Century/, 41-59.
Nor is there any evidence to show that Lollardy or any other heresy found any support in Ireland during the fourteenth or fifteenth centuries. About the same time, too, the dispute that was being waged between John XXII. and a section of the Franciscans found an echo in the province of Cashel, though there is no proof that the movement ever assumed any considerable dimensions.
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