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Treatment has not proved entirely satisfactory in the majority of instances, perhaps because of tardy interference. In a colt's leg sent the author by Mr. Thomas Millar, M.R.C.V.S., of Asquith, Saskatchewan, a careful dissection of the carpal region revealed the fact that in this case the ruptured extensor tendon was due to injury.
The application of vesicants or line-firing is beneficial in subacute inflammation of the tendons of the carpal flexors. Where contraction of tendons exists and no osseous or ligamentous change prevents correction of the condition, tenotomy is necessary. The reader is referred to Merillat's "Veterinary Surgery" for a good description of the technic of this operation.
Animals so affected have lost the rigidity which characterizes the normal carpal joint when the leg is a weight bearing member, and because of its sprung condition, the leg trembles when supporting weight. Treatment.
It is directed downward and backward under the subscapularis and teres major muscles, rounding the posterior part of the humerus, and passing to the anterior and distal end of the humerus, it finally terminates in the anterior carpal region.
The four bones of the second row of the carpus bear the four long bones which support the palm of the hand. The fifth bone of the same character is articulated in a much more free and moveable manner than the others, with its carpal bone, and forms the base of the thumb.
A local enlargement occurs at the anterior carpal region and the mass is somewhat fluctuating, extravasated fluids becoming infected in many instances, and necrosis of the skin and fascia provide means for spontaneous discharge of the contents of the enlargement if it is not opened. The infection when it becomes generalized causes a fatal termination in most cases that are not treated.
The triangles on the carpal knuckles are termed SONG IRANG, shoots of bamboo, and the zigzag lines are IKOR, lines. Kayan women are tatued in complicated serial designs over the whole forearm, the backs of the hands, over the whole of the thighs and to below the knees, and on the metatarsal surfaces of the feet.
Bones formed entirely in cartilage are exempt, namely, the tarsal and carpal bones, the epiphyses of the long bones, the sternum, and the bodies of the vertebræ. Bones formed entirely in membrane, that is, those of the face and of the cranial vault, are also exempt.
In some of these cases, subjects are stumblers and when they are carelessly handled or kept at fast work over irregular or hard roads, chronic carpitis with hyperplasia of the structures of the anterior carpal region results, owing to frequent bruising from falls. Where inflammation is caused by a puncture wound and subfascial infection occurs, there is evident manifestation of pain.
THE CANNON OR METACARPAL region is formed by three bones. These are the principal metacarpal or cannon bone, and the rudimentary metacarpal or splint bones. The latter are attached to the margins of the posterior face of the cannon bone. The superior extremities of these bones articulate with the lower row of carpal bones.
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