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Updated: July 13, 2026

The memorable treason or, as it was called, the "reconciliation" of the Walloon Provinces in the year 1583-4 had placed the Provinces of Hainault, Arthois, Douay, with the flourishing cities Arran, Valenciennes, Lille, Tournay, and others all Celtic Flanders, in short-in the grasp of Spain.

John Lothrop Motley - History of the United Netherlands from the Death of William the Silent to the Twelve Year's Truce, 1584

The memorable treason or, as it was called, the "reconciliation" of the Walloon Provinces in the year 1583-4 had placed the Provinces of Hainault, Arthois, Douay, with the flourishing cities Arran, Valenciennes, Lille, Tournay, and others all Celtic Flanders, in short-in the grasp of Spain.

John Lothrop Motley - History of the United Netherlands from the Death of William the Silent to the Twelve Year's Truce — Complete (1584-86)

The memorable treason or, as it was called, the "reconciliation" of the Walloon Provinces in the year 1583-4 had placed the Provinces of Hainault, Arthois, Douay, with the flourishing cities Arran, Valenciennes, Lille, Tournay, and others all Celtic Flanders, in short-in the grasp of Spain.

John Lothrop Motley - PG Edition of Netherlands series — Complete

The memorable treason or, as it was called, the "reconciliation" of the Walloon Provinces in the year 1583-4 had placed the Provinces of Hainault, Arthois, Douay, with the flourishing cities Arran, Valenciennes, Lille, Tournay, and others all Celtic Flanders, in short-in the grasp of Spain.

John Lothrop Motley - History of the United Netherlands from the Death of William the Silent to the Twelve Year's Truce — Complete (1584-1609)