joint-czar

Updated: May 7, 2025

These never failed either the boy or his mother. As time passed it grew more and more clear that Peter was as strong as his poor stepbrother Ivan was weak, and in order to satisfy the people the younger boy was made joint-Czar with the elder. The real power in Russia then, however, was the Princess Sophia, Peter's half-sister, a bitter enemy of both the boy and his mother.

Rupert Sargent Holland - Historic Boyhoods