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The Egyptians, however, made great use of mathematical knowledge, particularly in the irrigation of their fields; and Archimedes of Syracuse, who came to Alexandria about this time to study under Conon, did the country a real service by his invention of the cochlea, or screw-pump.
The outer portion is surrounded by a membrane which serves as periosteum to the bone and, at the same time, holds the liquid belonging to this part, called the perilymph. The inner portion, called the membranous labyrinth, consists essentially of a closed membranous sac, which is filled with the endolymph. The auditory nerve terminates in this portion of the internal ear. Vestibule. 2. Cochlea. 3.
Why do we call it the cochlea? 25. Draw a picture showing the position of the drum, "hammer," "anvil," "stirrup," and cochlea. 26. What has happened in your inner ear when something in your ear goes "pop"? 27. Why does a cold sometimes make you deaf? 28. Why do we have wax in the outer ear? What is the German proverb about cleaning the ear? 29.
For from the eyes those rays are poured forth which are neither black nor cloudy. Upon this account darkness is visible to us. Empedocles says that hearing is formed by the insidency of the air upon the cochlea, which it is said hangs within the ear as a bell, and is beat upon by the air.
The organ of Corti is a very complicated structure which it is needless to describe in this connection. It consists essentially of modified ephithelial cells floated upon the auditory epithelium, or basilar membrane, of the cochlea. There is a series of fibers, each made of two parts sloped against each other like the rafters of a roof.
Their removal or injury, while having no effect upon the hearing, does interfere with the ability to keep the body in an upright position. *The Cochlea* is the part of the internal ear directly concerned in hearing. It differs in plan from a snail shell, however, in that its interior space is divided into three distinct channels, or canals.
A portion of the internal ear, communicating with the semicircular canals and the cochlea, so called from its fancied resemblance to the vestibule, or porch, of a house. Minute, thread-like projections upon the internal surface of the small intestine, giving it a velvety appearance. Foul matter of an ulcer; poison. Vital Knot.
It is an oval-shaped chamber, about 1/3 of an inch in diameter, occupying the middle part of the internal ear. It is on the inner side of the oval window, which was closed, as we have seen, by the stirrup bone. From one side of this vestibule, or central hall, the three semicircular canals pass off, and from the other side, the cochlea.
The cochlea contains thousands of the most minute cords, known as the fibers or organ of Corti. Under the microscope they present the appearance of the keyboard of a piano. These fibers appear to vibrate in sympathy with the countless shades of sounds which daily penetrate the ear.
Sound waves enter the liquids of the internal ear at this point, the foot of the stapes being attached to the membrane. Six other openings lead off from the vestibule at different places. One of these enters the cochlea. The other five open into *The Semicircular Canals.*—These canals, three in number, pass through the bone in three different planes.
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