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It is not advisable to study the Horsechestnut bud by cutting sections, as the wool is so dense that the arrangement cannot be seen in this way. The scales should be removed with a knife, one by one, and the number, texture, etc., noted. The leaves and flower-cluster will remain uncovered and will be easy to examine. The gum may be first removed by pressing the bud in a bit of paper.
The flower-cluster leaves a concave, semicircular scar, in the leaf-axil. Balm-of-Gilead. 1. Branch in winter state: a, leaf-scar; b, bud-scar. 2. Branch, with leaf-buds expanded. 3. The terminal buds are the strongest and not very many axillary buds develop, so that the tree has not fine spray. The leaf-arrangement is alternate, on the 2/5 plan.
Subsequently, I found the leaflets also in the buds themselves. I found these leaflets developed on the tree only in the shoots containing flower-clusters, where they would be needed for the future growth of the branches. I suppose the reason must be that the flower-cluster does not use all the nourishment provided and that therefore the axillary buds are able to develop.
She was, in point of fact, surveying the district round her capital to be, marking each point bush, stone, grass-tuft, tree-trunk, flower-cluster, clod, branch, anything and everything, great and small and jotting down in indelible memory fluid, upon whatever she kept for a brain, just precisely the position of every landmark.
We have seen that the fruit-spur in bearing is likely to make a leaf-bud for the next year's activities rather than a flower-bud. It is assumed that the making of a flower-bud requires more energy than the making of a plain leaf-bud; if this is true, there may not be energy enough to carry a flower-cluster and to make a new flower-bud at the same time.
On looking closely at the branches also, they will be seen to be quite irregular, wherever there has been a flower-cluster swerving to one side or the other.
He will be sure to jump at any conclusions which he thinks ought to be correct. The leaf-scars are semicircular, small and swollen. The bud-rings are plain. The twigs make a very small growth in a season, so that the leaf-scars and rings make them exceedingly rough. The flower-cluster scars are small circles, with a dot in the centre, in the leaf-axils. The flowers come before the leaves.
I could not imagine what had formed this wood, and it remained a complete puzzle to me until the following spring, when I found in the expanding shoots, that, wherever a flower-cluster was present, there were one or two pairs of leaflets already well developed in the axils, and that the next season's buds were forming between them, while the internodes of these leaflets were making quite a rapid growth.
How do the scales differ from those of Horsechestnut? How many scales and leaves are there? How are they arranged? Where does the flower-cluster come in the bud? Do all the buds contain flower-clusters? How does the arrangement of leaves and flower-clusters differ from that of Horsechestnut? How old is your branch? Which buds develop most frequently?
Both the terminal and axillary buds grow freely, thus forming long, straight limbs, with many branches and much fine spray. The bark of the Beech is beautifully smooth. The extreme straightness of the trunk and limbs is very striking, and may be compared to the crooked limbs of the Horsechestnut, where the branch is continually interrupted by the flower-cluster.
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