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The male apparently has acquired his bright colours through sexual selection in the same manner as, for instance, the peacock or pheasant in our first class of cases; and the female in the same manner as the female Rhynchaea or Turnix in our second class of cases.

Bald Coot PORPHYRIO MELANONOTUS. Little Quail TURNIX VELOX. Pectoral Rail HYPOTAENIDIA PHILIPPINENSIS. Crane or Native Companion ANTIGONE AUSTRALASIANA. Snipe GALLINAGO AUSTRALIS.

Hiaticula monacha. nigrifrons. ruficapilla. Erythrogonys cinctus, GOULD. Leipoa ocellata, GOULD. Pedionomus torquatus, GOULD. Turnix varius. velox, GOULD. Coturnix pectoralis, GOULD. Synoicus Australis. Sinensis. Grus Antigone?

As male birds are exposed by the English bird-catchers for a decoy near a trap, in order to catch other males by exciting their rivalry, so the females of this Turnix are employed in India. When thus exposed the females soon begin their "loud purring call, which can be heard a long way off, and any females within ear-shot run rapidly to the spot, and commence fighting with the caged bird."

In Turnix taigoor of India the male "wants the black on the throat and neck, and the whole tone of the plumage is lighter and less pronounced than that of the female." The female appears to be noisier, and is certainly much more pugnacious than the male; so that the females and not the males are often kept by the natives for fighting, like game-cocks.

Taking as our guide the habits of most male birds, the greater size and strength as well as the extraordinary pugnacity of the females of the Turnix and emu, must mean that they endeavour to drive away rival females, in order to gain possession of the male; and on this view all the facts become clear; for the males would probably be most charmed or excited by the females which were the most attractive to them by their bright colours, other ornaments, or vocal powers.

Swinhoe, R., on the common rat in Formosa and China; behaviour of lizards when caught; on the sounds produced by the male hoopoe; on Dicrurus macrocercus and the spoonbill; on the young of Ardeola; on the habits of Turnix; on the habits of Rhynchaea bengalensis; on Orioles breeding in immature plumage. Sylvia atricapilla, young of. Sylvia cinerea, aerial love-dance of the male.

Turnix, sexes of some species of. Turtle-dove, cooing of the. Tuttle, H., on the number of species of man.