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See Introduction to XCV. Theses, p. 19. Votum satisfactionis. It was and is the teaching of the Roman Church that, where the actual reception of any sacrament is impossible, the earnest desire to receive it suffices for salvation. The desire is known as the votum sacramenti. In Spain. The shrine of St. James at that place was a famous resort for pilgrims. Cf. below, p. 191, and note.
By the time Calvert had reached the Quai opposite the Louvre the battle was begun, the mob was forcing its way past the scattered National Guard, whose commander lay murdered on the steps of the Hôtel de Ville, past the stanch, true Swiss Guard, who, left without orders, stood, martyrs at their posts, ne sacramenti fidem fallerent, through the Carrousel up to the very palace itself.
Porro saith, Zanchius in cultum ipsum excessu ut, peccatur; si quid illi quem Christus instituit, jam addas, aut ab aliis additum sequar is; ut si sacramentis a Christo institutis, alia addas sacramenta; si sacrificiis, alia sacrificia; si ceremoniis cujusvis sacramenti, alios addas ritus, qui merito omnes superstitionis nomine appellantur.
And in another place, he condemneth the addition of any other rite whatsoever, to those rites of every sacrament which have been ordained of Christ, Si ceremoniis cujusvis sacramenti, alios addas ritus, &c. Dr Fulk pronounceth, even of signs and rites, that “we must do in religion and God’s service, not that which seemeth good to us, but that only which he commandeth,” Deut. iv. 2; xii. 32.
This is the votum sacramenti, which, according to Roman teaching, suffices for salvation if participation in the sacrament is impossible. See p. 313. Paul of Thebes, an Egyptian hermit of the III. Century, whose life was written by St. Jerome. The translators have followed the numbering of the text in the Weimar and Erlangen Editions, which omit No. 32 in numbering the paragraphs.
The magistrate carefully simulated the demeanour of a private arbitrator casually called in. In order to show that this statement is not a mere fanciful conceit, I will produce the evidence on which it rests. Very far the most ancient judicial proceeding known to us is the Legis Actio Sacramenti of the Romans, out of which all the later Roman Law of Actions may be proved to have grown.
Faith does not make the sacrament; but faith appropriates and applies to self what the sacrament offers. Non sacramentum, sed fides sacramenti justificat. Nor are we left in doubt as to what is here meant by the term "faith." In paragraph fourteen it is explicitly described.
As for that which Honorius III. decreed, Dr White calleth it the adoration of the sacrament, which, if it is so, then we must say, that he decreed adoration in the participation itself, because extra usum sacramenti, the bread cannot be called a sacrament.
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