nishikawa

Updated: May 28, 2025

It was at this time that the well-informed Nishikawa Masayasu and Shibukawa Noriyasu were appointed Government astronomers. Previously the only sources of information about foreign affairs had been the masters of the Dutch ships, the Dutch merchants, and the Japanese interpreters at Nagasaki.

F. (Frank) Brinkley - A History of the Japanese People : From the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era