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The disease is caused by small mites or acari that are naturally divided into the Sarcoptes, which burrow under the epidermis, forming galleries; the Psoroptes, which live on the surface of the skin where they are sheltered by scabs and scurf; and the Symbiotes, which also live on the surface of the skin, but prefer the regions of the hind feet and legs.
This method of diagnosis should be resorted to in all suspicious cases of skin disease, and before the disease has developed to any great extent. The mite that most commonly causes mange in cattle is the Psoroptes communis var. bovis. It may invade the skin in the different regions of the body, but it is in the regions of the tail and thighs that the first evidence of the mange is noticed.
Psoroptes communis var. equi seems to be the more common parasite. The itching is intense. After a time the small areas come together and form large patches, and further spreading of the inflammation results from grooming, scratching and biting the skin. Scattered, elevated eruptions on the skin from which the hair has dropped out are first noticed. These parts may show yellowish scabs.
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