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The Kulaman of Santa Cruz insist that each person has two kalaloa, one on the right side and one on the left. At death the one on the right side goes to a good place in the sky, where there is no work and "thoughts come easy." The kalaloa of the left side goes into the ground to a poor place called Kilot. It is probable that the neighboring Bagobo have influenced the beliefs of this group.
If there are two or more wives, the first wife still retains half, while all the children share equally in the balance of the estate, thus leaving the second and succeeding wives without a portion. Sickness may be caused by evil spirits, or it may be due to a desire on the part of the kalaloa to leave its present abode.
In either case the man becomes ill and it behooves him to take immediate steps to placate the evil spirits or to convince his kalaloa to remain with him. This last can best be accomplished by bathing the sick person with water which has been heated in a good agong. A fine dish would do equally well, but should the hot water cause it to break the spirit would depart at once.
Among the Bukidnon who inhabit the central portion of the island the magbabaya are the most powerful of all spirits. p. 179. Kalaloa. Each person has one spirit which is known by this name. If this kalaloa leaves the body it decays, but the spirit goes to Dagkotanan "a good place, probably in the sky."
When game is secured its tail and ears are strung on rattan and are hung in a tree, in exchange for the live animal. The maniokan, generally evil spirits, resemble snakes, and like them live in the ground. People are frequently made lame by simply stepping over their homes. Each man and woman has a spirit, kalaloa, dwelling in his body during lifetime.
By making occasional offerings of pigs and rice it is usually possible to keep him from doing injury to a settlement, but at times these gifts fail of their purpose and many people are slain by those who serve him. p. 106. OMAYAN, OR KALALOA NANG OMAY, is the spirit of the rice. He resides in the rice fields, and there offerings are made to him before the time of planting and reaping.
Before the planting can be begun the seed rice must be carried to the center of the field where a bamboo pole, talabinian, and a stalk of sugar-cane have previously been placed, as an offering to the kalaloa who guard the land.
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