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The manner of construction of the fetlock joint is such that disarticulation without irreparable injury resulting, is practically impossible. Lateral disarticulation must necessarily sever the attachment of one of the common collateral ligaments. Therefore, the condition is considered one wherein prognosis is always unfavorable in so far as practical methods of treatment are concerned. Mr.
Very soon afterwards it disarticulates itself from the petiole, and drops off like a leaf in autumn. I have seen this process of disarticulation in no other tendrils, for these, when they fail to catch an object, merely wither away. Bignonia venusta. The tendrils differ considerably from those of the previous species.
Luxations may be practically classified as temporary and fixed. In temporary luxations, disarticulation is but momentary and spontaneous reposition always results; while a fixed luxation does not reduce spontaneously but remains luxated until reposition is effected by proper manipulation and treatment.
The condition being practically a hopeless one, destruction of the subject is the thing which should be promptly done. In valuable breeding animals, owners may prefer that treatment be attempted when a lateral luxation and detachment of but one common ligament have permitted luxation without complete disarticulation and rupture of the joint capsule.
As a rule, complete disarticulation immobilizes the affected joint and in most instances there is noticeable an abnormal prominence in the immediate vicinity in patellar luxation, the whole bone. In other instances the articular portion only, of the affected bone is malpositioned.
Entire luxation of this joint when present is so evident that one cannot fail to recognize the condition. Complete disarrangement of normal relation occurs and there is either a breaking down of the inhibitory apparatus, or if a lateral disarticulation exists, the normally straight line formed by the bones of the front leg, as viewed from the front or rear, is broken at the fetlock.
This, the most common luxation met with in the equine subject, has been described by writers as existing in many forms. Patellar disarticulation may be more practically considered as momentary and fixed, regardless of the position taken by the patella.
The deep cotyloid cavity renders disarticulation difficult and luxation does not often take place. Falls or violent strains are necessary to produce this luxation. Goubaux is quoted by Cadiot and Almy as having observed the head of the femur in an instance wherein luxation had long existed. Luxation of the femur is observed in old emaciated animals that are worked on slippery pavements.
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