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We need not then concern ourselves in a Vergilian biography with the tale that Arrius or Clodius or Claudius or Milienus Toro chased the poet into a coal-bin or ducked him into the river. The shepherds of the poem are typical characters made to pass through the typical experiences of times of distress. The first Eclogue, Tityre tu, is even more general than the ninth in its application.
he warbled; and I stopped my play, and listened as if to a nightingale, until he reached tu, Tityre, lentus in umbra Formosam resonare doces Amaryllida silvan. 'Oh Papa, what is that? I could not prevent myself from asking. He translated the verses, he explained their meaning, but his exposition gave me little interest. What to me was beautiful Amaryllis?
And guess what he replied? That he thought of a recipe of Stendhal's to recite from memory four Latin verses, before firing. 'And might one know what you chose? I asked of him. Thereupon he repeated: 'Tityre, tu patulae recubens!"
The Pilgrim discharged her hides, which set us at work again, and in a few days we were in the old routine of dry hides, wet hides, cleaning, beating, &c. Captain Faucon came quietly up to me, as I was sitting upon a stretched hide, cutting the meat from it with my knife, and asked me how I liked California, and repeated, ``Tityre, tu patulae recubans subtegmine fagi.
When he published them he placed at the very beginning the well-known line that recalled Messalla's own line: Tityre, tu patulae recubans sub tegmine fagi. What can this mean but a graceful reminder to Messalla that it was he who had inspired the new effort? We may conclude then that Vergil's use of that line as the title of his Eclogues is a recognition of Messalla's influence.
"Do you mean to tell me you don't know your own tongue? Do you not know what the greatest of all the bards wrote about your own island? 'O et præsidium et dulce decus meum, agus, Tityre tu patulæ recubans sub tegmine Styornoway, Arma virumque cano, Macklyoda et Borvabost sub tegmine fagi?"
Several dynasties of these tyrants had, since the Restoration, domineered over the streets. The Muns and Tityre Tus had given place to the Hectors, and the Hectors had been recently succeeded by the Scourers. At a later period arose the Nicker, the Hawcubite, and the yet more dreaded name of Mohawk. The machinery for keeping the peace was utterly contemptible.
Reminiscences and paraphrases of the Roman poet are scattered throughout the monk's own barbarous hexameters, as in the opening verses: Tityre tu magni recubans in margine stagni Silvestri tenuique fide pete iura peculi!
He delighted in producing Latin quotations, and an hour before his death, the poor lad, having noticed that almost all the trees in the forest of Hanau were beeches, whose branches stretched out to make a sort of roof, had thought it a suitable occasion to declaim one of Virgil's eclogues, beginning: "Tityre, tu patulae recubans sub tegmine fagi..."
A friendly neighbour had introduced his flock of sheep into it, and he was fattening them cheaply. I said, "Tityre, tu patulae recubans sub tegmine fayi, be good enough to round up your sheep and travel." Tityrus said that would be all right; he would take them away as soon as they were ready for the butcher. It would be no inconvenience to me, as my horse would not be able to eat all the grass.
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