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The Gemara on the above Mishnahs gives the opinions of a large number of Rabbis, reporting also discussions in which they took part. The benedictions before and after the Shemang. M. Two benedictions are to be said before the morning shemang, and one after it. When the Shemang is rightly read.
The time for reading or reciting the Shemang. M. At what time in the evening may shemang be read? So says Rabbi Eliezar, but otherwise men extend the time until midnight. Rabbi Gameliel makes the time reach even to the dawn of the following day. It happened once that his sons returned home at midnight without having read the shemang.
Rabbi Jose says "until the end of the third hour after sunrise, for it is the custom of kings' sons to rise in the third hour of the day. Yet a good act, such as shemang is, never loses its virtue whenever it is performed." The attitude in which the shemang should be read. Why then the words "when thou liest down and when thou risest up?"
M. He who reads the shemang without hearing his own voice has yet discharged his duty if only his heart has gone with the reading. Persons not to read the Shemang: Women, slaves, and minors are not commanded to read the Shemang, or to wear phylacteries.
But so it is, the devil's mother, she kills them every one, despite the many charms and talismans hung round my wife's bed. Every day since the birth, these children have come to say the Shemang and the ninety-first psalm. And to-night the elders are coming to watch and study all night. But I fear they will not cheat Lilith of her prey. Therefore am I not in the humor to lodge strangers."
On asking their father if it was too late he replied that the obligation to perform the duties of each day is valid until the first light of morning shows itself. The morning Shemang. M. From what time may the morning shemang be read? From the moment when there is light enough to distinguish between purple-blue and white. Until the sun has risen.
Let but the child die with the Kelmah on her lips, and we are all three blest for ever otherwise we will burn everlastingly in the fires of Jehinnum." "But, alack! how can the poor girl say the Kelmah, being as dumb as the grave?" "Then how can she say the Shemang either?"
It shone, indeed, with deceptive warmth, bathing in gold the green country that stretched beyond, and dazzling the eyes of the dying boy. The birds twittered outside the window. "Esther!" he said, wistfully, "do you think there'll be another funeral soon?". The matron burst into tears and turned away. "Benjamin," cried the father, frantically, thinking the end had come, "say the Shemang."
The boy stared at him, a clearer look in his eyes. "Say the Shemang!" said Moses peremptorily. The word Shemang, the old authoritative tone, penetrated the consciousness of the dying boy. "Yes, father, I was just going to," he grumbled, submissively. They repeated the last declaration of the dying Israelite together. It was in Hebrew. "Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one."
Because these are the acts that men perform when the shemang would be usually read. Rabbi Tarphon said that once when journeying of an evening, he stooped in order to read the shemang, with the result that his goods were almost taken from him by unsuspected robbers. He was told that he would have deserved it, had he been actually robbed, for not having followed the decision of the Hillel School.
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