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They both presided over smaller local divisions than the sculdascia, and acted as deputies. In the laws of Liutprand, speaking of a runaway slave, we are told that "si in alia judiciaria inventus fuerit, tunc decanus aut saltarius, qui in loco ordinatus fuerit, comprehendere eum debeat et ad sculdahis suum perducat, et ipse sculdahis judici suo consignet."
In order to enforce the rules one student in every ten was made a kind of "præfect", with disciplinary power over the others. Hence the "decanus", and lo! the first of all the Deans!
Still below these were two sub-officers, or sergeants, and the decanus, or corporal, to every ten men. There was a change in the constitution and disposition of the legion after the time of Marius, until the fall of the republic.
"When I returned from hall yesterday where a servitor read, or pretended to read, and Decanus growled at him, 'Speak out! I found a note on my table from Dr. Buckland, requesting the pleasure of my company to dinner, at six, to meet two celebrated geologists, Lord Cole and Sir Philip Egerton.
The English horse completely collapsed and hardly got to Speyer; that criminal smith had handled him so badly that he ought to have both his ears branded with red-hot iron. At Speyer I slipped away from the inn and took myself to my neighbour Maternus. There Decanus, a learned and cultivated man, entertained me courteously and agreeably for two days. Here I accidentally found Hermann Busch.
The officer who came next in rank to the judex, and who, in a subordinate capacity, assisted him especially in administering the judicial affairs of the civitas, was in Lombard times called the sculdahis, and in Carlovingian times the centenarius. Under him were the saltarius and the decanus.
Tho. Ashton, S.T.P., Præb. senr. Will. Blake, S.T.P., Decanus. Hen. Goodman, S.T.B., Præb. junr. "'Ah! said Uncle Oldys, 'grave discomfort! So he thought there might be something. I suspect it was that young man, he went on, pointing with the key to the line about the 'only Child and Heire. 'Eh, Mary? The viscounty of Kildonan was Saul. 'How do you know that, Uncle? said Mary.
She was a young woman fond of literature, whom Decanus, the dean, called Cadenus by transposition of the letters, took pleasure in directing and instructing: till, from being proud of his praise, she grew fond of his person. Swift was then about forty-seven, at an age when vanity is strongly excited by the amorous attention of a young woman.
The saltarius seems to have been originally a sort of guardian of forests, "custos saltuum" or "silvanus"; and the name of the decanus, like the Frankish centenarius, is a survival of the old decimal division of the army and people.
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