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The formation of a series of alkaloids under the name of codeines, by the substitution of other organic radicals instead of methyl in the codeine reaction, has already been alluded to. Atropine can be formed by uniting tropine and tropic acid, the two decomposition products already noted.
When heated with baryta-water or hydrochloric acid, it takes up a molecule of water and is split into tropine, C H NO, and tropic acid, C H O . This latter is phenyl-oxypropionic acid. Tropine, when heated to 180°C. with concentrated hydrochloric acid, splits off a molecule of water, and yields tropidine, C H N, a liquid base, with an odor resembling conine.
Lately we have succeeded in performing the complete synthesis of atropic acid, and the artificial preparation of atropine has been greatly facilitated since I have shown that we can easily reconstruct atropine by starting from its products of decomposition, tropic acid, and tropine. Before my researches nothing was known of the constitution of tropine.
Ladenburg has also formed a series of artificial alkaloids, called tropeines, by uniting the base tropine with different organic acids, as in the case of the compound of mandelic acid and tropine, known as homatropine, an alkaloid of action similar to atropine, but possessing some decided advantages in its use.
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