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It ought to be considered, moreover, that the "Lectures" came from their author in a turbulent, if not in a revolutionary condition of society. Peninsular Europe was convulsed by the successful military career of that brilliant general, Napoleon. England and the United States were also at war. The independence and even the existence of the young Republic were apparently in peril.

Within that little peninsular whose whole population and wealth are so insignificant according to modern ideas, were comprised in classical times not one but many flourishing polities.

We forget, now-a-days, so rapid have been the changes for the better, how cruel was the condition of numbers of labourers at the close of the great Peninsular war. The half-ludicrous nature of some of their grievances has lingered on in tradition; the real intensity of their sufferings has become forgotten.

The government of the United States held this proposal under advisement, but on France declining, it was dropped. In 1826 when an attack upon Portugal was feared Canning advised, in case of such an attack, the immediate seizure of Cuba by Great Britain as more effective than half a dozen Peninsular campaigns.

Twelfth Night, Act III. Sc. 4 See Life, vol ix. pp. 325-6. The last reference in the Journal to his old friend Lady Jane Stuart, who died on the following October. Now in the rooms of the Royal Society, Edinburgh. Annals of the Peninsular War. 3 vols. 8vo, 1829. Memoirs of General Miller in the Service of the Republic of Peru. 2 vols. 8vo, 1829. Mr.

Kent's infantry division and Sumner's dismounted cavalry division were supposed to detain the Spanish army in Santiago until Lawton had captured El Caney. Spanish towns and villages, however, with their massive buildings, are natural fortifications, as the French found in the Peninsular War, and as both the French and our people found in Mexico.

I , a scholarly German treatment of the Peninsular campaign; R. G. Burton, Napoleon's Invasion of Russia ; F. W. O. Maycock, The Invasion of France, 1814 ; Oscar Browning, The Fall of Napoleon , useful for the years 1813-1815; E. F. Henderson, Blucher and the Uprising of Prussia against Napoleon, 1806-1815 , in the "Heroes of the Nations" Series; D. P. Barton, Bernadotte: the First Phase, 1763-1799 ; A. F. Becke, Napoleon and Waterloo, 2 vols. ; J. C. Ropes, The Campaign of Waterloo, 2d ed. .

She was indeed taken from the French by the English under Wellington during the Peninsular War, but of older, if not unhappier farther-off days and battles longer ago her history as I know it seems to know little.

But her agitation, though not the agitation of fear, but of exultation rather, and enthusiasm, had been so conspicuous when listening, and when first applying for information, that I could not but ask her if she had not some relation in the Peninsular army. Oh! yes: her only son was there. In what regiment? He was a trooper in the 23d Dragoons. My heart sank within me as she made that answer.

Events were to prove that this motley gathering could hold its own while at rest; but during the subsequent march to Paris Wellington passed the scathing judgment that, with the exception of his Peninsular men, it was "the worst equipped army, with the worst staff, ever brought together."