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Working at intervals, almost beyond his strength, as a farm labourer, and then again remaining for a long time in forced idleness, writing too much, thinking too much, and ever and ever with the grim phantom of poverty before him, was a form of existence necessarily fatal.
He gave me chance to become a partner in the business, and I wouldn't, and he threw me over what else was there to do? I could have owned the business to-day, if I'd played the game as he thought it ought to be played. I didn't, and he left me out that's all." "Makin' your own way, ain't you?" said the English labourer. "That's hit you where you're tender, Grandois. What you got to say to that?"
"Would it be possible," he asked of the abashed and self-conscious labourer, "would it be possible for the body to have worked its way down into the soft mud as you have described it to have been found?" "We-el," said the witness, "'twas in the stacky mooad, 'twas through the sarft stoof." "But this soft mud would suck any solid body down, would it not?" persisted the Coroner.
There was an urging in her voice, as if she wanted, almost demanded, something of him. "You mean that a man must do some work in his life if he is to keep himself a man," he said, not as if he were asking a question. He spoke reluctantly but firmly. "You know," he added, "that I have worked hard all my life, hard like a labourer." "Yes, I know," she said.
It may be wondered Augustin himself wonders that she did not think of finding him a wife. They marry early in Africa. Even now any Arab labourer buys a wife for his son, hardly turned sixteen, so that the fires of a too warm youth may be quenched in marriage. But Monnica, who was not yet a saint, acted in this matter like a foreseeing and practical woman of the prosperous class.
The labourer is a kind of constant unit absolutely fixed in his efficiency, his wants, and so forth; and the same at one period as at another, except so far as he may become more prudent, and therefore fix his 'natural price' a little higher. An 'iron law' must follow when you have invented an iron unit.
Their aching backs and blistered hands convey a very real notion of what hard work and manual labour means. And this goes wearily on day after day, while, very likely, they find they are not earning a shilling a day, do all they may. The ordinary English agricultural labourer, transplanted here, does not seem to do better at this work at the start than the "young gentleman."
If a labourer possesses any amount of intelligence he becomes head-carter or head-fagger, as the case may be; and from that to be assistant or under-bailiff, and finally bailiff. As a bailiff he has every opportunity to learn the working of a farm, and is often placed in entire charge of a farm at a distance from his employer's residence.
The rented farm had to be given up; with this, the hope of gaining even sufficient food for her little ones died in the wretched mother's mind. From a farmer on his own account, Foster now became a mere farm labourer; with wages sufficient, however, to have made things comfortable at home under the management of his frugal, industrious wife, if all he earned had been brought home to her.
Essentially it is the development of the French economists' theory, though Chalmers is rather unwilling to admit his affinity to a discredited school. He has reached some of their conclusions, he admits, but by a different path. He coincides, in this respect, with Malthus, who was equally impressed by the importance of 'subsistence, or of the food-supply of the labourer.
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