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VII, ch. xvii, both by Emile Chenon; Joseph de Maistre, Du pape, 24th ed. , and De l'eglise gallicane, most celebrated treatments of Gallicanism from the standpoint of an Ultramontane and orthodox Roman Catholic; C. A. Sainte-Beuve, Port-Royal, 2d ed., 5 vols. , the best literary account of Jansenism; R. B. C. Graham, A Vanished Arcadia: being some account of the Jesuits in Paraguay, 1607 to 1767 ; Paul de Crousaz-Cretet, L'eglise et l'etat, ou les deux puissances au XVIIIe siecle, 1713-1789 , on the relations of church and state; Leon Mention, Documents relatifs aux rapports du clerge avec la royaute de 1682 a 1789, 2 vols.

It was at this time that he gave to the world the supreme fruit of nearly half a century of study, meditation, and contact with the world, in Du Pape, Les Soirées de Saint Pétersbourg, and L'Eglise Gallicane. Their author did not live long to enjoy the vast discussion which they occasioned, nor the reputation that they have since conferred upon his name.

How far it is from the epoch when Robert Cenalis, comparing Notre-Dame de Paris to the famous temple of Diana at Ephesus, *so much lauded by the ancient pagans*, which Erostatus *has* immortalized, found the Gallic temple "more excellent in length, breadth, height, and structure."* * Histoire Gallicane, liv. II. Periode III. fo. 130, p. 1.

In literature the tendency appears as romanticism, in politics as legitimism, in religion as ultramontanism. Le Maistre with his L'Eglise gallicane du Pape; Chateaubriand with his Génie du Christianisme; Lamennais with his Essai sur l'Indifference en Matière, de Religion, were, from 1820 to 1860, the exponents of a view which has had prodigious consequences for France and Italy.