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"Listen to the incantation," said Stolo. 'May the earth keep the malady, May good health remain here. Saserna bids you chant this formula thrice nine times, to touch the earth, to spit and be sure that you do it all before breakfast." "You will find," said I, "many other wonderful secrets in Saserna, all equally foreign to agriculture, and so all to be left where they are.
"Here is his recipe for getting rid of bugs," said Scrofa. "'Steep a wild cucumber in water and where-ever you sprinkle it the bugs will disappear, and again, 'Grease your bed with ox gall mixed with vinegar." Fundanius looked at Scrofa. "And yet Saserna gives good advice even if it is in a book on agriculture," he said.
On the other hand Saserna says that one man is enough for every eight jugera, as a man should cultivate that much land in forty-five days: for while one man can cultivate a jugerum in four days, yet he allows thirteen days extra for the entire eight jugera to provide against the chance of bad weather, the illness or idleness of the labourer and the indulgence of the master.
These Calabrian conditions are only part of a general change of climate which seems to have taken place all over Italy; a change to which Columella refers when, quoting Saserna, he says that formerly the vine and olive could not prosper "by reason of the severe winter" in certain places where they have since become abundant, "thanks to a milder temperature."
Nor had any one of those shepherds done what Saserna advises in his books on agriculture, 'Whoever wishes to be followed by a dog should throw him a cooked frog. "It is of importance that all your dogs should be of the same breed, for when they are related they are of the greatest aid to one another.
Of draught animals XIX. In respect of those instruments of agriculture which are called inarticulate, Saserna says that two yokes of oxen will be enough for two hundred jugera of arable land, while Cato prescribes three yokes for two hundred and forty jugera in olives: thus if Saserna is correct, one yoke of oxen is required for every hundred jugera, but if Cato is correct a yoke is needed for every eighty jugera.
Cato assigns to an estate of 100 -jugera- one, to one of 240 -jugera- three, yoke of oxen; a later writer on agriculture, Saserna, assigns two yoke to the 200 -jugera-. Three asses were, according to Cato's estimate, required for the smaller, and four for the larger, estate. Slaves The human labour on the farm was regularly performed by slaves.
Cato assigns to an estate of 100 -jugera- one, to one of 240 -jugera- three, yoke of oxen; a later writer on agriculture, Saserna, assigns two yoke to the 200 -jugera-. Three asses were, according to Cato's estimate, required for the smaller, and four for the larger, estate. Slaves The human labour on the farm was regularly performed by slaves.
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