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Its Cree name is passee-awey-meenan, and it is known to occur as far north as Great Slave Lake. Thuya occidentalis. Prunus Virginiana. Prunus Pensylvanica. The most esteemed fruit of the country, however, is the produce of the aronia ovalis.
On nearing the buttresses of the plateau the ground was less steep, and here I came to pines, junipers, oaks, and the bird-cherry prunus. But the tree which I was most pleased to find was a plum, with ripe fruit about the size of a small greengage, but of a beautiful pale rose-colour.
Brambles and roses are widely known instances, but oaks, elms, apples, and pears, Mentha, Prunus, Vitis, Lactuca, Cucumis, Cucurbita and numerous others are in the same condition. In some instances the existence of elementary species is so obvious, that they have been described by taxonomists as systematic varieties or even as good species. The primroses afford a widely known example.
VIRGINIAN POKEWEED. The leaves and berries produce a beautiful rose-colour, but it is very fugacious. PRUNUS domestica. PLUM. The bark is used by the country people to dye cloth yellow. PYRUS Malus. APPLE,-The bark of this plant, also, produces a yellow colour. QUERCUS Robur. OAK. The juice of the oak mixed with vitriol forms a black ink; the galls ar employed for the same purpose.
It was very similar in shape to an oven or the kraal of a Hottentot, and was closely covered with moose skins, except at the east end, which was left open for a door. Near the centre of the building there was a hole in the ground, which contained ten or twelve red-hot stones, having a few leaves of the taccokay-menan, a species of prunus, strewed around them.
Persons who are about to plant this fruit would do well to inquire into the nature of the stock, as no fruit-tree is so liable to disease and become gummy as cherries are, and that is often much owing to the improved kinds being sown for stocks, which are of a more tender texture and of course less hardy than this. PRUNUS insititia. SLOE-TREE. Is of little use except when it occurs in fences.
In the year 1821 the bird's cherry, or Prunus Padus, produced a weeping variety, and in 1847 the same mutation was observed for the allied Prunus Mahaleb. Numerous other instances of the sudden origin of weeping trees, both of conifers and of others, have been brought together in Korshinsky's paper.
An analogous case is afforded by the purpleleaved plums, of which the most known form is Prunus Pissardi. It is said to be a purple variety of Prunus cerasifera, and was introduced at the close of the seventies from Persia, where it is said to have been found in Tabris.
It was very similar in shape to an oven or the kraal of a Hottentot and was closely covered with moose-skins except at the east end which was left open for a door. Near the centre of the building there was a hole in the ground which contained ten or twelve red-hot stones having a few leaves of the taccohaymenan, a species of prunus, strewed around them.
Two kinds of prunus also grow here, one of which, a handsome small tree, produces a black fruit having a very astringent taste whence the term choke-cherry applied to it. The Crees call it tawquoymeena, and esteemed it to be when dried and bruised a good addition to pemmican. The other species * is a less elegant shrub but is said to bear a bright red cherry of a pleasant sweet taste.
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