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Parnapishtim shall dwell in the distance, at the confluence of the streams. Then they took me and placed me in the distance, at the confluence of the streams. The streams are, according to Haupt, the four rivers Euphrates, Tigris, Karun, and Kercha, which at one time emptied their waters independently into the Persian Gulf.
The absence of Marduk from the deluge story is another indication of the antiquity of the tradition. Coming back now to the epic, Parnapishtim, whose sympathy has been aroused by the sight of Gilgamesh, makes an attempt to heal the hero of his illness. The life that thou seekest, thou wilt obtain. Now sleep!
He denounces Adapa in solemn assembly, and demands his presence of Ea, in whose domain Adapa has taken refuge. The text at this point is defective, but one can gather that Ea, who constitutes himself Adapa's protector, warns the latter, as he warned Parnapishtim.
Thy entire nature is normal. As I am, so art thou. Thou art completely equipped for the fray. Tell me how thou didst come to obtain eternal life among the gods." In reply, Parnapishtim tells the story of his escape from the common fate of mankind. The story is a long one and has no connection with the career of Gilgamesh.
But though returning in restored health, he is not proof against death. Parnapishtim, at the suggestion of his wife, reveals the 'secret of life' to Gilgamesh just before the latter's departure. The ship is brought nearer to the shore, and Parnapishtim tells Gilgamesh of a plant that wounds as a thistle, but which possesses wonderful power.
The waters are not extensive, for only twelve strokes are enumerated; but the current is so strong that it is with the utmost difficulty that Gilgamesh succeeds in passing through them. At last, Gilgamesh is face to face with Parnapishtim. The latter is astonished to see a living person come across the waters.
A trace, perhaps, of scholastic influence may be seen in the purport of Parnapishtim's narrative to prove the hopelessness of man's securing immortality; and yet, while the theology of the schools may thus have had some share in giving to the tale of Parnapishtim its present shape, the problem presented by Gilgamesh's adventures is a popular rather than a scholastic one.
The ship is launched, and, if Professor Haupt is correct in his interpretation, the ship took water to the extent of two-thirds of its height. The side of the ship dipped two-thirds into water. Parnapishtim now proceeds to take his family and chattels on board. All that I had, I loaded on the ship.
Ea's answer is not intended to be equivocal, for he further orders Parnapishtim to announce to his fellow-citizens the coming destruction. Over you a rainstorm will come, Men, birds, and beasts will perish. The following line is defective, but it appears to except from the general destruction the fish as the inhabitants of the domain controlled by Ea.
O man of Shurippak, son of Kidin-Marduk! Erect a structure, build a ship, Abandon your goods, look after the souls, Throw aside your possessions, and save your life, Load the ship with all kinds of living things. The god then tells Parnapishtim in what manner to build the ship. Its dimensions should be carefully measured.
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