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Revolt of Helots, Occupation of Ithome, and Third Messenian War. Rise and Character of Pericles. Prosecution and Acquittal of Cimon. The Athenians assist the Spartans at Ithome. Thasos Surrenders. Breach between the Athenians and Spartans. Constitutional Innovations at Athens. Ostracism of Cimon. IV War between Megara and Corinth. Megara and Pegae garrisoned by Athenians.
The statue of Themistocles, existent six hundred years after his decease, exhibited to his countrymen an aspect as heroical as his deeds. We return to Cimon Reduction of Naxos. Actions off Cyprus. Manners of Cimon. Improvements in Athens. Colony at the Nine Ways. Siege of Thasos. Earthquake in Sparta. Revolt of Helots, Occupation of Ithome, and Third Messenian War. Rise and Character of Pericles.
Here a synod of deputies from the towns composing the confederation, called "The Ten Thousand" was to meet periodically for the despatch of business. Epaminondas next proceeded to re-establish the Messenian state.
Meanwhile Demosthenes had not been idle: having drawn his three remaining ships under the shelter of the fort, and protected them in front by a stockade, he armed the crews with such weapons as he had, including a number of wicker-shields, taken from a thirty-oared Messenian galley which had recently come to his assistance with a force of forty hoplites.
His most celebrated exploits had been the occupation of Pylos on the Messenian coast, the successful defence of that place against the fleet and armies of Lacedaemon, and the subsequent capture of the Spartan forces on the isle of Sphacteria; which was the severest blow dealt to Sparta throughout the war, and which had mainly caused her to humble herself to make the truce with Athens.
Three times the Boeotians invaded the Spartan territory. They also revived the Messenian power, recalled the Messenians who had long been in exile, and founded the city of Messene. Peace followed among the Grecian states, Sparta alone refusing to be a party to it. In the course of this intestine war, the Thebans had broken up the new maritime sway gained by them.
The ancient names were revived; and on the 6th of April the Messenian senate, assembled at Kalamae'ta, proclaimed that Greece had shaken off the Turkish yoke to preserve the Christian faith and restore the ancient character of the country. A formal address was made by that body to the people of the United States, and was forwarded to this country.
For lo, Messenian Idas did swiftly break away the standing stone from the tomb of his father Aphareus, and now he would have smitten the slayer of his brother, but Zeus defended him and drave the polished stone from the hands of Idas, and utterly consumed him with a flaming thunderbolt.
At last, when both sides were sorely distressed by the long conflict under a burning sun, an officer who was in command of the Messenian troops came to the generals, and offered, if they would place a few light-armed soldiers at his disposal, to lead them up the precipitous cliffs at the northern end of Sphacteria, and take the Spartans in the rear.
He was never heard to apologize for shifting sides like Demades, who would say, he often spoke against himself, but never against the city; nor as Melanopus, who, being generally against Callistratus, but being often bribed off with money, was wont to tell the people, "The man indeed is my enemy, but we must submit for the good of our country;" nor again as Nicodemus, the Messenian, who having first appeared on Cassander's side, and afterwards taken part with Demetrius, said the two things were not in themselves contrary, it being always most advisable to obey the conqueror.
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