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"She looks to me like a foreign-built ship, although her fittings below are in the English fashion," he observed, examining the cabins as far as the dim twilight which made its way through the open hatch would allow. "As we came under her stern I saw no name on it; I cannot make out what she can be." The lockers in the captain's state cabin were open, and none of his instruments were to be seen.
The navigation bounties were granted only for iron and steel ships owned exclusively by Japanese subjects, and plying between Japan and foreign ports. Foreign-built ships less than five years old, owned by Japanese, were admitted to these bounties. The payments for postal service were to be computed at the mileage rate given for navigation.
The amount of the bounty was to depend upon the difference between the cost of home-built and foreign-built ships. The loans were to be made only on first-class sea-going steamers.
Foreign-built steamers under five years of age, which may be put in service with the sanction of the Government authorities, are entitled to half of the subsidy. China, too, taking on Western ways, is emulating Japan in establishing a modern merchant marine. The Government is giving State aid to native steamship companies, and subsidizing ship-yards. Gen. H.B. Miller, Yokohama, in Con. Gen.
From a total of 1,027,275 yen in 1896 the sum expended annually had grown by 1899 to 5,846,956 yen. The navigation bounties on foreign-built ships were reduced by half, while the subventions to the postal lines were fixed at certain yearly sums. After the passage of these laws the various companies further increased their tonnage, but the merchant marine grew more wholesomely for a while.
Yachts for millionaires who could afford to pay heavily for the pleasure of flying the Stars and Stripes, ships of 2500 to 4000 tons for the coasting trade, in which no foreign-built vessel was permitted to compete, and men-of-war very few of them before 1890 kept a few shipyards from complete obliteration.
The navigation bounty to owners of French or foreign-built ships under the French flag, was calculated per day of actual running: for steamships, four centimes per ton gross up to 3000 tons; three centimes more up to 6000; two more to 6000 and above; for sailing-ships, three centimes per ton up to 500 tons, two more up to 1000, and one more to 1000 and above.
It was a "chartered allowance" made to foreign-built iron or steel steamers manned under the French flag for long voyages or for international coastwise trade, of more than 100 gross tons, belonging to French private persons or joint-stock or other companies, the latter having on their boards a majority of French citizens, and the chairman and managers being French.
In consideration of building two ships in American yards, this line, the International Navigation Company, was permitted to transfer two foreign-built ships to American registry, and a ten years' postal contract was awarded it, which guaranteed in advance the cost of construction of all the ships it was required to build.
Navigation Acts shut out foreign-built, -owned, or -manned ships from the carrying trade between any region but their home country and England, reserving all other commerce for British vessels. Into this last restriction there entered another purely political consideration, namely, the perpetuation of a supply of mariners for the British navy, whose importance was fully recognized.
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