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It was after ten when we reached home, and climbed up our gloomy staircase, lighted by the glimmer of some wax moccoli which I had in my pocket. October 5th. I have been two or three times into the cathedral; . . . . the whole interior is of marble, in alternate lines of black and white, each layer being about eight inches in width and extending horizontally.

II. Further, Christian men are saints because they are believers. 'The saints' and 'the faithful' are not two sets of people, but one. The Apostle starts, as it were, on the surface, and goes down; takes off the uppermost layer and lets us see what is below it; begins with the flowers or the fruit, and then carries us to the root. The saints are saints because they are first of all faithful.

The roofs of the rooms were made of poles, on which was a heavy layer of dirt, as in the houses of native Mexicans to-day. The fort possessed a billiard table, that visitors might amuse themselves, and in the office was a small telescope with a fair range of seven miles. Many of the latter had Indian wives.

He was marching through a fantastic baroque desert. Venus was a riot of colors, all in a minor key: muted greens and reds, an overbearing gray, a strange, ghostly blue. The sky, or rather the cloud layer, dominated the atmosphere with its weird pinkness. It was a silent world a dead world.

And, now and then, in the midst of his work, he would stop and listen. And then he would hear on every side of him a hubbub of wild voices, hissing, shrieking, savage dance-music, and bloodthirsty harangues. Or was it, after all, but the many-voiced gabble of the flames above his head? And on he went digging, digging, digging. The first layer of bricks over the vault was followed by a second.

The surface of American society is, if I may use the expression, covered with a layer of democracy, from beneath which the old aristocratic colors sometimes peep. See Marshall's "Life of Washington," vol i., pp. 18-66. See for the history of Virginia the following works: "History of Virginia, from the first Settlements in the year 1624," by Smith. "History of Virginia," by William Stith.

But perhaps the most striking proof of the dependence of the colors upon the thickness of the film was shown by the reflection of a beam of light from a piece of mica composed of twenty-four very attenuated plates overlapping each other. With each layer a marked gradation in color was visible.

Then, if the roots are comfortably spread in nice mould at the other end of the journey, all should go well. I reserve a sneaking credulity about "lucky fingers." We used to say that when the top layer was pared off, a buried crop came up. An old friend with lucky fingers visited my Little Garden this autumn.

And that intermediate layer of the pulpit means the change, in a word, for all Europe, from the Parthenon to Amiens Cathedral. For Italy it means the rise of her Gothic dynasty; it means the duomo of Milan instead of the temple of Paestum. I say the duomo of Milan, only to put the change well before your eyes, because you all know that building so well.

You cannot expect much from trees on such a shallow soil over hardpan without breaking it up, because the soil mass available to the trees is small; also because the shallow surface layer over hardpan will soon dry out in spite of the best cultivation, because there is no moisture supply from below.