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Metrology vouches for the hundredth of a milligramme in a kilogramme; that is to say, that it estimates the hundred-millionth part of the magnitude studied. We may as in the case of the lengths ask ourselves whether this already admirable precision can be surpassed; and progress would seem likely to be slow, for difficulties singularly increase when we get to such small quantities.
Owing to this fact, likewise, the weight of the water that must be evaporated diminishes just so much. Now, one kilogramme of water requires 636 heat units to cause it to pass from the liquid to the gaseous state, while one kilogramme of alcohol requires only 230 heat units to vaporize it.
The natives here are paid in cloth at the rate of 50 or 60 centimes a kilogramme according to the quality of the rubber and although each man is supposed to supply only one kilogramme a month some of the villages here send in more than a ton in that time. Mr. Fernaka, the second in command, arrived on the 28th after marching for thirty days in the interior over unexplored ground.
Hakkabut hereupon descended into the hold of the tartan, and soon returned, carrying ten packets of tobacco, each weighing one kilogramme, and securely fastened by strips of paper, labeled with the French government stamp. "Ten kilogrammes of tobacco at twelve francs a kilogramme: a hundred and twenty francs," said the Jew.
Procope and Timascheff demurely bowed their heads. The professor resumed. "Upon a steelyard, or spring-balance, dependent upon mere tension or flexibility, the attraction will have no influence. If I suspend a weight equivalent to the weight of a kilogramme, the index will register the proper weight on the surface of Gallia.
In order to vaporize, at the pressure of the atmosphere, 1 kilogramme of water at 0 deg., 637 heat units are required, and of these, 100 are employed in raising the water from 0 deg. to 100 deg. and 537 in converting the water at 100 deg. into steam at 100 deg.. This second quantity is called the latent heat of the steam at 100 deg.. The sum of the two quantities is called the total heat of the steam at 100 deg.. The total heat of the steam remains nearly constant, whatever be the temperature at which the vaporization occurred.
All the results at Ougree have been obtained with 400 kilogramme charges, and the dimensions of the gas generators have been calculated for Six-Bonniers coal, which does not yield over 20 per cent. of gas. The advantages of this system, which permits of expediting all the operations of puddling, are as follows: 1. A notable economy in fuel, both as regards quantity and quality.
The people work well here, the villagers collecting the usual kilogramme per month, while the workers in the plantations clear the forest and plant more rubber for future use. The hunting here is very good in the dry season. Now however, it is necessary to wade in water three feet deep in the forest. Spoor of elephant and antelope abound and there are several magnificent eagles and hawks overhead.
This difference of pressure in the two foregoing experiments must be attributed, then, to the specific action of the water on the vapors of alcohol. Now we can calculate the difference of the work of the pump, and put at 1 kilogramme of condensed liquid the difference of mechanical work represented in kilogrammeters.
In other words, one kilogramme of motive steam is sufficient to convert into heating steam for the first evaporator 2.5 kilogrammes of steam taken from the juice in this same evaporator. Besides, this same kilogramme of motive steam produces three effects, one in this same evaporator, and the other two in the two succeeding ones.
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